摘要:文章介绍法国组织传播研究的概述。它提出该领域的历史条件下的诞生，它的发展和当前的主要趋势。它解释组织传播与其它研究组织领域之间的关系，并研究如何组织传播领域逐步找到了自己的地点。法国哲学和社会学趋势不仅影响法国组织传播，但还影响了说法语国家的组织传播研究。 该趋势现在影响了国际传播学的研究者。
关键词：组织传播 - 法国 - 后现代主义 - 批判学派 - 定性研究
Abstract:
The article proposes an overview of French research on organizational communication. It examines the historical conditions of the birth of the field of organizational communication in France, its development and its main current trends. It explains the relationships existing between organizational communication and other fields that study organization and examines how organizational communication has progressively found a specific place in the studies concerning organization. It studies how French trends in philosophy and sociology have influenced not only French research in organizational communication, but also more broadly speaking French researchers in that field, and how this trend has spread among the international community of communication researchers today.
Keywords:
Organizational communication – France – postmodernism – critical school – qualitative research
Introduction
Communication has developed in France for a long time now. As a discipline, communication has a particularity in France. Communication and information form a unique discipline, called sciences of information and communication (created as a discipline in 1975). This choice has consequently caused many debates within French researchers about the potential common basis of information and communication and also many controversies. However, those debates have not entered into the sub-discipline of organizational communication, which as its own realm of research and thoughts.
Current questions in organizational communication have not been developed as soon as organizational communication in US. In the 80’, whereas the questions concerning the relationship between communication and organization began to be raised in US, and whereas Tompkins (1984) was already writing that “communication is organization” (see Tompking & Wanca-Thibault, 2001), in France, the dominant paradigm was still the management paradigm. Nevertheless, the change happened quickly in France, because of the change in French communication studies. The socio-linguistic and anthropological turn in communication studies in France began in the 80’, when some major books of the “School of Chicago” and of “Palo Alto” were translated in French (cf. Goffman, 1973; Watzlawick, Beavin & Jackson, 1979; Winkin, 1981). At the same time, other disciplines studying organizations (sociology and psychology) have also been influenced by the anthropological turn of the 80’, so that the concept of organization has evolved in those disciplines at the same time and that they all have questioned the management approach of organization of that period.
In brief, organizational communication is the result of co-evolution and interaction between various disciplines. The story of its birth reflects in fact how the dominant functionalist and determinist paradigm has been challenged by the interpretative and interactionist paradigms in the 80’, which have influenced all the disciplines related to organization, even management.
（本文为原文摘要版）